Ironing effect on surface integrity and fatigue behavior during ultrasonic peening drilling of Ti-6Al-4V

Imposing compressive residual stress field around a fastening hole serves as a universal method to enhance the hole fatigue strength in the aircraft assembly filed. Ultrasonic Peening Drilling (UPD) is a recently proposed hybrid hole making process, which can achieve an integration of strengthening and precision-machining with a one-shot-drilling operation. Due to the ironing effect of tool flank surface, UPD introduces large compressive residual stress filed in hole subsurface. In order to reveal the strengthening mechanism of UPD, the influence of ultrasonic vibration and tool dynamic relief angle on ironing coverage rate and its corresponding effect on surface integrity in UPD were analyzed. The experiments were conducted to verify the influence of ironing effect on surface integrity and fatigue behavior of Ti-6Al-4V hole in UPD. The results indicate that the specimen features smaller surface roughness, higher micro-hardness, plastic deformation degree and circumferential compress residual stress under higher ironing coverage rate. The fatigue life increases with the raise of ironing coverage rate, and the fatigue source site in UPD shifts from surface to subsurface comparing with that without vibration assistance. The results demonstrates that a better strengthening effect can be obtained by reasonably controlling the ironing coverage rate in UPD.     

巡天任务复杂工况下超静平台作动器疲劳寿命评估

为研究超静平台作动器的疲劳寿命特性，以其在轨执行巡天任务时的复杂工况分析为出发点，开展了典型工况下的超静平台物理试验，获取作动器实测载荷数据；采用有限元仿真模型进行疲劳损伤系数计算，根据“累积损伤-临界损伤”干涉模型进行累积损伤建模，推导了基于损伤系数外推的作动器概率疲劳寿命解析模型；利用最大损伤系数对应工况进行试验载荷谱设计，开展作动器疲劳寿命试验获取疲劳寿命分布，结合模型计算给出超静平台上不同损伤系数对应作动器的疲劳寿命评估结果。结果表明，运用建立的方法及模型，能够结合超静平台巡天任务工况，利用基于载荷谱编制的疲劳寿命试验结果，计算出平台上各作动器可靠度随在轨时间变化规律及概率疲劳寿命，可为超静平台作动器等一类在轨工况及载荷谱复杂、多样的空间运动机构提供一种真实有效的寿命评估技术途径。     

船载雷达随机振动疲劳寿命分析

振动疲劳作为结构破坏失效形式之一，正日益得到重视。传统的船载雷达设备设计往往仅考虑静强度，从而导致结构抵抗疲劳破坏的能力不足。从模态分析的角度入手，利用模态叠加法进行随机振动分析，得到结构的各向应力功率谱密度。在此基础上进行基于Von Mises应力的谱分析，并分别从宽带和窄带过程的角度进行了疲劳寿命估算，最后对某船载雷达进行了随机振动疲劳分析。结果表明，船载雷达结构在满足静强度条件下，不一定能够满足抗疲劳性能要求。从模态振型分析的角度改进了结构设计，分析验证表明，改进后结构能够满足随机振动疲劳寿命要求。     

起圈织物泡沫夹芯复合材料Ⅰ/Ⅱ型断裂韧性研究

夹芯复合材料在受到弯曲、剪切和冲击等载荷作用下易发生脱层损伤。脱层损伤程度与Ⅰ、Ⅱ型断裂韧性密切相关。起圈织物由于在其厚度方向引入环状纤维束，增强了与芯层的结合能力，使其在抗分层方面性能优良。本文主要研究起圈织物泡沫夹芯复合材料的Ⅰ/Ⅱ型界面断裂韧性。根据试验标准分别制作了平纹织物泡沫夹芯复合材料和起圈织物泡沫夹芯复合材料。采用双悬臂梁试验（Double cantilever beam, DCB）和末端缺口挠曲试验（End notch flexure, ENF）对上述试验件的增韧机理进行了研究。研究表明，环状纤维束的引入大大提高了界面性能。起圈结构相较于平纹结构的Ⅰ型断裂韧性GⅠC提高了434%，Ⅱ型断裂韧性GⅡC提高了400%。通过建立有限元模型，采用内聚力模型来描述裂纹的扩展，数值结果与试验结果吻合较好。     

铝锂合金材料发展及综合性能评述

在抗疲劳设计等工程应用中,对材料综合性能的准确把握是使用材料进行设计的基础。作为一种航空材料,铝锂合金因具有高比强度、高比刚度的性能而受到青睐,与普通铝合金相比,铝锂合金的各方面性能,包括常规力学性能和疲劳断裂性能,具有独特特征。不同时期研发的铝锂合金产品,其各方面性能也有显著差异。本文通过比较铝锂合金和普通铝合金的性能差异,以及比较不同铝锂合金之间的性能差异,对铝锂合金材料性能发展进行综合评述。通过对铝锂合金发展历程、常规力学性能、疲劳极限和疲劳抗力、疲劳裂纹扩展抗力的分析,给出了结构设计选材的一些建议。     

发射场厂房大门门框联接螺柱断裂分析

针对厂房大门门框与钢结构立柱联接螺柱断裂的问题,通过断口形貌观察、硬度测试等试验方法对螺柱断裂原因进行分析,试验结果表明,螺柱的断裂模式为塑性断裂,断裂螺柱性能比设计要求性能低。在此基础上,从安装和受力分析的角度进一步分析螺柱断裂的机理,为发射场关键设备重要连接件的检修检测等提供理论指导, 防止类似螺栓断裂问题的发生。     

SiC_(f)/SiC复合材料铣削加工表面质量北大核心CSCD

使用PCD立式铣刀对聚合物浸渍裂解法(PIP)制备的SiC_(f)/SiC复合材料开展单因素铣削试验,通过对加工中产生的切削力和加工后的表面粗糙度进行测量,分析了铣削工艺参数对其的影响;对加工表面、纤维断口进行SEM分析,讨论了SiC_(f)/SiC复合材料加工表面的形成。研究结果表明,表面粗糙度与切削力的变化趋势相同,高主轴转速和小切削宽度有利于得到表面粗糙度较小的加工表面;近孔洞区域与远离孔洞区域的材料去除方式不同;材料中纤维发生面内偏移和层间屈曲,纤维存在多种去除方式。     

Macro-phenomenological high-strain-rate elastic fracture model for ice-impact simulations

The ice impact can cause a severe damage to an aircraft’s exposed structure, thus, requiring its prevention. The numerical simulation represents an effective method to overcome this challenge. The establishment of the ice material model is critical. However, ice is not a common structural material and exhibits an extremely complex material behavior. The material models of ice reported so far are not able to accurately simulate the ice behavior at high strain rates. This study proposes a novel high-precision macro-phenomenological elastic fracture model based on the brittle behavior of ice at high strain rates. The developed model has been compared with five reported models by using the smoothed particle hydrodynamics method so as to simulate the ice-impact process with respect to the impact speeds and ice shapes. The important metrics and phenomena (impact force history, deformation and fragmentation of the ice projectile and deflection of the target) were compared with the experimental data reported in the literature. The findings obtained from the developed model are observed to be most consistent with the experimental data, which demonstrates that the model represents the basic physics and phenomena governing the ice impact at high strain rates. The developed model includes a relatively fewer number of material parameters. Further, the used parameters have a clear physical meaning and can be directly obtained through experiments. Moreover, no adjustment of any material parameter is needed, and the consumption duration is also acceptable. These advantages indicate that the developed model is suitable for simulating the ice-impact process and can be applied for the anti-ice impact design in aviation.     

铝合金振动疲劳同步测量技术研究

随着振动试验技术的不断进步,振动疲劳试验拥有了良好的试验基础,能够进行各种环境下的振动疲劳模拟试验,但目前振动疲劳的测量方法还无法满足振动疲劳试验深入研究的需求。提出铝合金振动疲劳同步测量的方法,同时采用红外监测技术、声发射技术、显微测试技术、应变测试技术等对不同加速度下的铝合金振动疲劳试样进行测量,研究各种测量参数随损伤的变化情况。结果表明:铝合金振动疲劳不同阶段应主要考虑不同的测量参数作为判断损伤的依据,声发射信号可以很好检测到铝合金振动疲劳的裂纹萌生和扩展寿命,红外测得的温升值随着加速度增大是非线性的,铝合金振动疲劳寿命依赖于结构振动频率、阻尼等参数。     

随机振动载荷下连接螺栓振动疲劳强度分析

通过有限元分析计算出连接螺栓上的载荷,理论计算得出连接螺栓上的1 振动应力,基于高斯分布和线性累计损伤定律的三区间法,结合材料的S-N曲线,对连接螺栓进行随机振动载荷下的振动疲劳强度进行评估。